Journalartikel

Temperature-dependent Li vacancy diffusion in Li4Ti5O12 by means of first principles molecular dynamic simulations


AutorenlisteHenkel, P; Zahn, S; Lorenz, J; Jacob, T; Janek, J; Mollenhauer, D

Jahr der Veröffentlichung2022

Seiten5301-5316

ZeitschriftPhysical Chemistry Chemical Physics

Bandnummer24

Heftnummer9

ISSN1463-9076

DOI Linkhttps://doi.org/10.1039/d1cp05126a

VerlagRoyal Society of Chemistry


Abstract

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are a key electrochemical energy storage technology for mobile applications. In this context Lithium titanate (LTO) is an attractive anode material for fast-charging LIB5 and solid-state batteries (SSBs). The Li ion transport within LTO has a major impact on the performance of the anode in LIBs or SSBs. The Li vacancy diffusion in Lithium-poor Li4Ti5O12 can take place either via 8a(init) <-> 16c <-> 8a(final) or a 8a(init) <-> 16(c) <-> 16(c) <-> 48f <-> 16d(final) diffusion path. To gain a more detailed understanding of the Li vacancy transport in LTO, we performed first principles molecular dynamics (FPMD) simulations in the temperature range from 800 K to 1000 K. To track the Li vacancies through the FPMD simulations, we introduce a method to distinguish the positions of multiple (Li) vacancies at each time. This method is used to characterize the diffusion path and the number of different diffusion steps. As a result, the majority of Li vacancy diffusion steps occur along the 8a(init) <-> 16c <-> 8a(final). Moreover, the results indicate that the 16d Wyckoff position is a trapping site for Li vacancies. The dominant 8a(init) <-> 16c <-> 8a(final) path appears to compete with its back diffusion, which can be identified by the Lifetime t(16c) of the 16c site. Our studies show that for t(16c) < 100 fs the back diffusion dominates, whereas for 100 fs <= t(16)(c)< 200 fs the 8a(init) <-> 16c <-> 8a(final) path dominates. In addition, the temperature-independent pre-factor D-0 of the diffusion coefficient, as well as the attempt frequency Gamma(0) and the activation energy E-A in Lithium-poor LTO have been determined to be D-0 = 1.5 x 10(-3) cm(2) s(-1), as well as Gamma(0) = 6.6 THz and E-A = 0.33 eV.




Zitierstile

Harvard-ZitierstilHenkel, P., Zahn, S., Lorenz, J., Jacob, T., Janek, J. and Mollenhauer, D. (2022) Temperature-dependent Li vacancy diffusion in Li4Ti5O12 by means of first principles molecular dynamic simulations, Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, 24(9), pp. 5301-5316. https://doi.org/10.1039/d1cp05126a

APA-ZitierstilHenkel, P., Zahn, S., Lorenz, J., Jacob, T., Janek, J., & Mollenhauer, D. (2022). Temperature-dependent Li vacancy diffusion in Li4Ti5O12 by means of first principles molecular dynamic simulations. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics. 24(9), 5301-5316. https://doi.org/10.1039/d1cp05126a



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