Journalartikel

Autorenliste: Streitenfeld, H; Boyd, A; Fazakerley, JK; Bridgen, A; Elliott, RM; Weber, F

Jahr der Veröffentlichung: 2003

Seiten: 5507-5511

Zeitschrift: Journal of Virology

Bandnummer: 77

Heftnummer: 9

ISSN: 0022-538X

DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.77.9.5507-5511.2003

Verlag: American Society for Microbiology

Abstract: 
Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) is a by-product of viral RNA polymerase activity, and its recognition is one mechanism by which the innate immune system is activated. Cellular responses to dsRNA include induction of alpha/beta interferon (IFN) synthesis and activation of the enzyme PKR, which exerts its antiviral effect by phosphorylating the eukaryotic initiation factor eIF-2 alpha, thereby inhibiting translation. We have recently identified the nonstructural protein NSs of Bunyamwera virus (BUNV), the prototype of the family Bunyaviridae, as a virulence factor that blocks the induction of IFN by dsRNA. Here, we investigated the potential of NSs to inhibit PKR. We show that wild-type (wt) BUNV that expresses NSs triggered PKR-dependent phosphorylation of eIF-2 alpha to levels similar to those of a recombinant virus that does not express NSs (BUNdeINSs virus). Furthermore, the sensitivity of viruses in cell culture to IFN was independent of PKR and was not determined by NSs. PKR knockout mice, however, succumbed to infection approximately 1 day earlier than wt mice or mice deficient in expression of RNase L, another dsRNA-activated antiviral enzyme. Our data indicate that (i) bunyaviruses activate PKR, but are only marginally sensitive to its antiviral effect, and (ii) NSs is different from other IFN antagonists, since it inhibits dsRNA-dependent IFN induction but has no effect on the dsRNA-activated PKR and RNase L systems.

Harvard-Zitierstil: Streitenfeld, H., Boyd, A., Fazakerley, J., Bridgen, A., Elliott, R. and Weber, F. (2003) Activation of PKR by Bunyamwera Virus Is Independent of the Viral Interferon Antagonist NSs, Journal of Virology, 77(9), pp. 5507-5511. https://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.77.9.5507-5511.2003

APA-Zitierstil: Streitenfeld, H., Boyd, A., Fazakerley, J., Bridgen, A., Elliott, R., & Weber, F. (2003). Activation of PKR by Bunyamwera Virus Is Independent of the Viral Interferon Antagonist NSs. Journal of Virology. 77(9), 5507-5511. https://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.77.9.5507-5511.2003