Journal article

Authors list: Habjan, M; Andersson, I; Klingström, J; Schümann, M; Martin, A; Zimmermann, P; Wagner, V; Pichlmair, A; Schneider, U; Mühlberger, E; Mirazimi, A; Weber, F

Publication year: 2008

Journal: PLoS ONE

Volume number: 3

Issue number: 4

ISSN: 1932-6203

DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0002032

Publisher: Public Library of Science

Abstract: 
Innate immunity is critically dependent on the rapid production of interferon in response to intruding viruses. The intracellular pathogen recognition receptors RIG-I and MDA5 are essential for interferon induction by viral RNAs containing 59 triphosphates or double-stranded structures, respectively. Viruses with a negative-stranded RNA genome are an important group of pathogens causing emerging and re-emerging diseases. We investigated the ability of genomic RNAs from substantial representatives of this virus group to induce interferon via RIG-I or MDA5. RNAs isolated from particles of Ebola virus, Nipah virus, Lassa virus, and Rift Valley fever virus strongly activated the interferon-beta promoter. Knockdown experiments demonstrated that interferon induction depended on RIG-I, but not MDA5, and phosphatase treatment revealed a requirement for the RNA 59 triphosphate group. In contrast, genomic RNAs of Hantaan virus, Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus and Borna disease virus did not trigger interferon induction. Sensitivity of these RNAs to a 59 monophosphate-specific exonuclease indicates that the RIG-I-activating 59 triphosphate group was removed posttranscriptionally by a viral function. Consequently, RIG-I is unable to bind the RNAs of Hantaan virus, Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus and Borna disease virus. These results establish RIG-I as a major intracellular recognition receptor for the genome of most negative-strand RNA viruses and define the cleavage of triphosphates at the RNA 59 end as a strategy of viruses to evade the innate immune response.

Harvard Citation style: Habjan, M., Andersson, I., Klingström, J., Schümann, M., Martin, A., Zimmermann, P., et al. (2008) Processing of Genome 5′ Termini as a Strategy of Negative-Strand RNA Viruses to Avoid RIG-I-Dependent Interferon Induction, PLoS ONE, 3(4), Article e2032. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0002032

APA Citation style: Habjan, M., Andersson, I., Klingström, J., Schümann, M., Martin, A., Zimmermann, P., Wagner, V., Pichlmair, A., Schneider, U., Mühlberger, E., Mirazimi, A., & Weber, F. (2008). Processing of Genome 5′ Termini as a Strategy of Negative-Strand RNA Viruses to Avoid RIG-I-Dependent Interferon Induction. PLoS ONE. 3(4), Article e2032. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0002032